1) f(x)=x+1
a) f(5)=5+1=6, so s(5)=6/5 for the slope between (0,0) to (5,6). f(-2)=-2+1=-1, so s(-2)=-1/-2=½ for the slope between (0,0) and (-2,-1).
b) f(x)=x+1, so s(x)=(x+1)/x=1+1/x.
2) f(x)=4x²+5, s(x)=(4x²+5)/x=4x+5/x.
s(5)=20+1=21; s(-2)=-8-5/2=-21/2.