how oft kompound???????? start=1.68, end=4.997, span 20 yeers... end/start=4.997/1.68=2.974404762... if kompound eech yeer, yu want (1+%)^20=2.974404762... take logs...20*log(1+%)=log(2.974404762)... log(1+%)=log(2.974404762)/20... =0.473400067/20=0.023670003... 1+%=10^0.023670003=1.05601479... thats 5.6%