If 3^x = 54, then which of the following must be true?

Question

To be honest I already have the awnser to the problem. The thing is I have no clue how  to get the anwser. I can't  stress this enough if your reading this right now; that i'm more interested in the explanation than the awnser. So if someone could break it down for me it would be greatly appericiated, Thanks.

P.S. I know it involves "LOG", I don't know what that is.

Answer 1

3^x=54

normal process...take log av both sides

x*log(3)=log(54)

thus, x=log(54) / log(3)

=1.73239376 / 0.477121254