1) We need to find the sample SD, s, from the population SD, so s=σ/√n=2.2/√13=0.61 approx. The deviation from the mean of 8.1 years is 9-8.1=0.9 years and we need to convert this into the number of sample SDs.
If we use the normal distribution test for 0.9/0.61=1.475, this corresponds to about 93%, which means that there is a 100-93=7% probability that the mean life will be longer than 9 years.
2) s=27/√14=7.216g approx. Let Z1=(401-407)/7.216=-0.8315, Z2=(403-407)/7.216=-0.5543.
These correspond to probabilities 20.28% and 28.97%, so the probability of the mean weight being between 401g and 403g is about 8.69%.
(Because of symmetry in the normal distribution, this is the same probability as between 411g and 413g (the "other side" of the mean of 407g).)